Literatur

  • Abarca-Gómez L, Abdeen Z A, Hamid Z A et al (2017) Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016. Lancet 390(10113): 2627–2642
  • Albaugh V L, Abumrad N N (2018) Surgical treatment of obesity. F1000Res: 7
  • Alberga A S, Pickering B J, Alix Hayden K et al (2016) Weight bias reduction in health professionals: a systematic review. Clin Obes 6(3): 175–188
  • American Medical Association (AMA) Report 4 of the Council on Scientific Affairs (A-05). Recommendations for Physician and Community Collaboration on the Management of Obesity. Resolution 421, A-04. http://www.amaassn.org/resources/doc/csaph/a05csa4-fulltext.pdf. Zugriff am 05.12.2018
  • Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter (AGA) (2015) Konsensbasierte (S2) Leitlinie zur "Diagnostik, Therapie und Prävention von Übergewicht und
  • Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter". https://aga.adipositas-gesellschaft.de/fileadmin/PDF/Leitlinien/AGA_S2_Leitlinie.pdf. Zugriff am 05.12.2018
  • Baldofski S, Rudolph A, Tigges W et al (2016) Weight bias internalization, emotion dysregulation, and non-normative eating behaviors in prebariatric patients. Int J Eat Disord 49(2): 180–185
  • Berge J M, Hanson-Bradley C, Tate A et al (2016) Do parents or siblings engage in more negative weight-based talk with children and what does it sound like? A mixed-methods study. Body Image 18: 27–33
  • Bleich S N, Vercammen K A, Zatz L Y et al (2018) Interventions to prevent global childhood overweight and obesity. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 6(4): 332–346
  • Cawley J (2015) An economy of scales: A selective review of obesity's economic causes, consequences, and solutions. J Health Econ 43: 244–268
  • Chirurgische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Adipositastherapie (2018) S3-Leitlinie "Chirurgische Therapie der Adipositas und metabolischer Erkrankungen".
  • https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/088-001l_S3_Chirurgie-Adipositas-metabolische-Erkrankugen_2018-02.pdf. Zugriff am 05.12.18
  • Christakis N A, Fowler J H (2007) The spread of obesity in a large social network over 32 years. N Engl J Med 357(4): 370–379
  • Collins J, Meng C, Eng A (2016) Psychological impact of severe obesity. Curr Obes Rep 5(4): 435–440
  • Corrigan P W (2015) Challenging the stigma of mental illness: Different agendas, different goals. Psychiatr Serv 66(12): 1347–1349
  • Cortese S, Tessari L (2017) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity: Update 2016. Curr Psychiatry Rep 19(1): 4
  • Couch D, Thomas S L, Lewis S et al (2015) Obese adults’ perceptions of news reporting on obesity. SAGE Open 5(4): 215824401561252
  • Deutsche Adipositas-Gesellschaft (DAG) e.V. Interdisziplinäre Leitlinie der Qualität S3 zur „Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas“. AWMF online. https://www.adipositas-gesellschaft.de/fileadmin/PDF/Leitlinien/050-001l_S3_Adipositas_Praevention_Therapie_2014-11.pdf. Zugriff am 05.12.2018
  • Di Angelantonio E, Bhupathiraju S N, Wormser D et al (2016) Body-mass index and all-cause mortality. Lancet 388(10046): 776–786
  • Eisenberg M E, Berge J M, Fulkerson J A et al (2012) Associations between hurtful weight-related comments by family and significant other and the development of disordered eating behaviors in young adults. J Behav Med 35(5): 500–508
  • Eisenberg M E, Carlson-McGuire A, Gollust S E et al (2015) A content analysis of weight stigmatization in popular television programming for adolescents. Int J Eat Disord 48(6): 759–766
  • Flint S W, Čadek M, Codreanu S C et al (2016) Obesity discrimination in the recruitment process: "You're not hired!" Front Psychol 7: 647
  • Flint S W, Snook J (2015) Disability discrimination and obesity: The big questions? Curr Obes Rep 4(4): 504–509
  • Glonti K, Mackenbach J D, Ng J et al (2016) Psychosocial environment: definitions, measures and associations with weight status--a systematic review. Obes Rev 17 Suppl 1: 81–95
  • Goffman E (2014) Stigma. Touchstone, New York
  • Gudzune K A, Beach M C, Roter D L et al (2013) Physicians build less rapport with obese patients. Obesity 21(10): 2146–2152
  • Gudzune K A, Bennett W L, Cooper L A et al (2014) Perceived judgment about weight can negatively influence weight loss: a cross-sectional study of overweight and obese patients. Prev Med 62: 103–107
  • Hansson L M, Rasmussen F (2014) Association between perceived health care stigmatization and BMI change. Obes Facts 7(3): 211–220
  • Hartmann-Boyce J, Jebb S A, Fletcher B R et al (2015) Self-help for weight loss in overweight and obese adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 105(3): e43-57
  • Hilbert A (2016) Weight stigma reduction and genetic determinism. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0162993
  • Hilbert A, Baldofski S, Zenger M et al (2014) Weight bias internalization scale: psychometric properties and population norms. PLoS ONE 9(1): e86303
  • Hilbert A, Braehler E, Haeuser W et al (2014) Weight bias internalization, core self-evaluation, and health in overweight and obese persons. Obesity 22(1): 79–85
  • Hilbert A, Brauhardt A, Munsch S (2017) Ratgeber Übergewicht und Adipositas. Hogrefe, Göttingen
  • Hilbert A, Geiser M (2012) Stigmatisierung von Adipositas: Implikationen für die Kommunikation mit adipösen Patienten. In: Lewandowski K, Bein T, Bäumel M (Hrsg.) Adipositas-Management in Anästhesie, Chirurgie, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin. MWV Med. Wiss. Verl.-Ges, Berlin
  • Hilbert A, Ried J (2009) Obesity in print: an analysis of daily newspapers. Obes Facts 2(1): 46–51
  • Hoyt C L, Burnette J L, Auster-Gussman L et al (2017) The obesity stigma asymmetry model. Stigma Health 2(1): 53–65
  • Jackson S E, Beeken R J, Wardle J (2014) Perceived weight discrimination and changes in weight, waist circumference, and weight status. Obesity 22(12): 2485–2488
  • Jackson S E, Kirschbaum C, Steptoe A (2016) Perceived weight discrimination and chronic biochemical stress: A population-based study using cortisol in scalp hair. Obesity 24(12): 2515–2521
  • Jung, Franziska U C E, Luck-Sikorski C, König H-H et al (2016) Stigma and knowledge as determinants of recommendation and referral behavior of general practitioners and internists. Obes Surg 26(10): 2393–2401
  • Juvonen J, Lessard L M, Schacter H L et al (2017) Emotional implications of weight stigma across middle school: The role of weight-based peer discrimination. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 46(1): 150–158
  • Kang J H, Le Q A (2017) Effectiveness of bariatric surgical procedures: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine 96(46): e8632
  • Khera R, Murad M H, Chandar A K et al (2016) Association of pharmacological treatments for obesity with weight loss and adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 315(22): 2424–2434
  • Kobes A, Kretschmer T, Timmerman G et al (2018) Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta-synthesis. Obes Rev 19(8): 1065–1079
  • Kolip P, Finne E, Schaefer A et al (2015) Evaluation des Programms Obeldicks light für übergewichtige Kinder und Jugendliche. Gesundheitswesen 77 Suppl 1: S56-7
  • LeBlanc E S, Patnode C D, Webber E M et al (2018) Behavioral and pharmacotherapy weight loss interventions to prevent obesity-related morbidity and mortality in adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. JAMA 320(11): 1172–1191
  • Lee M, Ata R N, Brannick M T (2014) Malleability of weight-biased attitudes and beliefs: a meta-analysis of weight bias reduction interventions. Body Image 11(3): 251–259
  • Lent M R, Napolitano M A, Wood G C et al (2014) Internalized weight bias in weight-loss surgery patients: psychosocial correlates and weight loss outcomes. Obes Surg 24(12): 2195–2199
  • Lewandowski K, Bein T, Bäumel M, Hrsg. Adipositas-Management in Anästhesie, Chirurgie, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin. MWV Med. Wiss. Verl.-Ges, Berlin
  • Major B, Hunger J M, Bunyan D P et al (2014) The ironic effects of weight stigma. J Exp Soc Psychol 51: 74–80
  • Mensink G B M, Schienkiewitz A, Haftenberger M et al (2013) Ubergewicht und Adipositas in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 56(5-6): 786–794
  • Nickson D, Timming A R, Re D et al (2016) Subtle increases in BMI within a healthy weight range still reduce womens employment chances in the service sector. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0159659
  • O'Brien K S, Latner J D, Puhl R M et al (2016) The relationship between weight stigma and eating behavior is explained by weight bias internalization and psychological distress. Appetite 102: 70–76
  • Papadopoulos S, Brennan L (2015) Correlates of weight stigma in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic literature review. Obesity 23(9): 1743–1760
  • Pearl R L, Puhl R M (2014) Measuring internalized weight attitudes across body weight categories: validation of the modified weight bias internalization scale. Body Image 11(1): 89–92
  • Phelan S M, Burgess D J, Yeazel M W et al (2015) Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity. Obes Rev 16(4): 319–326
  • Pilitsi E, Farr O M, Polyzos S A et al (2018) Pharmacotherapy of obesity: Available medications and drugs under investigation. Metabolism, doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.010
  • Pinkston J C (2017) The dynamic effects of obesity on the wages of young workers. Econ Hum Biol 27(Pt A): 154–166
  • Pi-Sunyer X, Astrup A, Fujioka K et al (2015) A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management. N Engl J Med 373(1): 11–22
  • Pont S J, Puhl R, Cook S R et al (2017) Stigma experienced by children and adolescents with obesity. Pediatrics 140(6): e20173034
  • Puhl R M, Himmelstein M S, Gorin A A et al (2017) Missing the target: including perspectives of women with overweight and obesity to inform stigma-reduction strategies. Obes Sci Pract 3(1): 25–35
  • Puhl R M, King K M (2013) Weight discrimination and bullying. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 27(2): 117–127
  • Puhl R M, Luedicke J, Grilo C M (2014) Obesity bias in training: attitudes, beliefs, and observations among advanced trainees in professional health disciplines. Obesity 22(4): 1008–1015
  • Puhl R, Suh Y (2015) Health consequences of weight stigma: implications for obesity prevention and treatment. Curr Obes Rep 4(2): 182–190
  • Ramos Salas X, Alberga A S, Cameron E et al (2017) Addressing weight bias and discrimination: moving beyond raising awareness to creating change. Obes Rev 18(11): 1323–1335
  • Rand K, Vallis M, Aston M et al (2017) "It is not the diet; it is the mental part we need help with." A multilevel analysis of psychological, emotional, and social well-being in obesity. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 12(1): 1306421
  • Roehling M V, Pichler S, Bruce T A (2013) Moderators of the effect of weight on job-related outcomes. J Appl Soc Psychol 43(2): 237–252
  • Rohde K, Keller M, La Cour Poulsen L et al (2018) Genetics and epigenetics in obesity. Metabolism, doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.007
  • Rotella C M, Dicembrini I (2015) Measurement of body composition as a surrogate evaluation of energy balance in obese patients. World J Methodol 5(1): 1–9
  • Rudolph A, Hellbardt M, Baldofski S et al (2016) Evaluation des einjährigen multimodalen Therapieprogramms DOC WEIGHT® 1.0 zur Gewichtsreduktion bei Patienten mit Adipositas Grad II und III. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 66(8): 316–323
  • Schienkiewitz A, Brettschneider A K, Damerow S, Schaffrath Rosario A (2018) Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse aus KiGGS Welle 2 und Trends. J Health Monitoring 3(1): 16–22
  • Sharma S, Wharton S, Forhan M et al (2011) Influence of weight discrimination on weight loss goals and self-selected weight loss interventions. Clin Obes 1(4-6): 153–160
  • Sikorski C, Luppa M, Dame K et al (2013) Attitudes towards bariatric surgery in the general public. Obes Surg 23(3): 338–345
  • Sinha R, Jastreboff A M (2013) Stress as a common risk factor for obesity and addiction. Biol Psychiatry 73(9): 827–835
  • Smigelski-Theiss R, Gampong M, Kurasaki J (2017) Weight bias and psychosocial implications for acute care of patients with obesity. AACN Adv Crit Care 28(3): 254–262
  • Stanford F C, Tauqeer Z, Kyle T K (2018) Media and its influence on obesity. Curr Obes Rep 7(2): 186–192
  • Stubbs J, Whybrow S, Teixeira P et al (2011) Problems in identifying predictors and correlates of weight loss and maintenance: implications for weight control therapies based on behaviour change. Obes Rev 12(9): 688–708
  • Tomiyama A J (2014) Weight stigma is stressful. A review of evidence for the Cyclic Obesity/Weight-Based Stigma model. Appetite 82: 8–15
  • Tomiyama A J, Carr D, Granberg E M et al (2018) How and why weight stigma drives the obesity 'epidemic' and harms health. BMC Med 16(1): 123
  • Tomiyama A J, Finch L E, Belsky A C I et al (2015) Weight bias in 2001 versus 2013: contradictory attitudes among obesity researchers and health professionals. Obesity 23(1): 46–53
  • Udo T, Grilo C M (2018) Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5-defined eating disorders in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Biol Psychiatry 84(5): 345–354
  • van der Valk, Eline S, Savas M, van Rossum, Elisabeth F C (2018) Stress and obesity: Are there more susceptible individuals? Curr Obes Rep 7(2): 193–203
  • Vanhove A, Gordon R A (2014) Weight discrimination in the workplace. J Appl Soc Psychol 44(1): 12–22
  • Varkevisser R D M, van Stralen M M, Kroeze W et al (2018) Determinants of weight loss maintenance: a systematic review. Obes Rev, doi: 10.1111/obr.12772
  • Verjans-Janssen S R B, van de Kolk I, Van Kann, Dave H H et al (2018) Effectiveness of school-based physical activity and nutrition interventions with direct parental involvement on children's BMI and energy balance-related behaviors - A systematic review. PLoS ONE 13(9): e0204560
  • Ward-Smith P, Peterson J A (2016) Development of an instrument to assess nurse practitioner attitudes and beliefs about obesity. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 28(3): 125–129
  • World Health Organization (2016) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Geneva: World Health Organization
  • Wu Y-K, Berry D C (2018) Impact of weight stigma on physiological and psychological health outcomes for overweight and obese adults: A systematic review. J Adv Nurs 74(5): 1030–1042
  • Yang J, Bakshi A, Zhu Z et al (2015) Genetic variance estimation with imputed variants finds negligible missing heritability for human height and body mass index. Nat Genet 47(10): 1114–1120